What is a sample in research terminology?

In research terminology, a sample refers specifically to a subset of a population that is selected for study. This selection process allows researchers to draw conclusions about the larger group based on the characteristics and findings observed within the sample. By studying a smaller group, researchers can manage resources more efficiently and often conduct the research more swiftly than if they were to survey the entire population. This approach is particularly beneficial when the population is too large or difficult to access in its entirety.

Sampling also helps reduce costs and time, enabling researchers to focus their efforts on a manageable size while still aiming to achieve results that are statistically significant and representative of the whole. These qualities make the concept of a sample fundamental to research methods, as it establishes the foundation for generalizing findings from a smaller group to a broader context.