What is meant by informed consent in research?

Informed consent is a fundamental ethical principle in research involving human participants. It signifies that participants are fully aware of the objectives, risks, benefits, and procedures of the study before agreeing to take part. This ensures that individuals can make an educated decision about their involvement.

The correct choice emphasizes that participants must agree voluntarily after being provided with comprehensive information about the study. This encompasses not only the purpose and methods of the research but also any potential risks or discomforts, as well as the anticipated benefits. Importantly, participants should feel free to ask questions and receive clear answers before making their decision.

Informed consent upholds the autonomy of participants, safeguarding their rights to make choices about their own involvement. It is a critical component of ethical research practices and helps foster trust between researchers and participants, ensuring that the research process is respectful and transparent.