What is the main purpose of a literature review in research?

The main purpose of a literature review in research is to provide an overview of existing research on a topic. This process involves reviewing and synthesizing previous studies, theories, and findings related to the chosen issue, which serves multiple critical functions in the research process.

Conducting a literature review allows researchers to identify gaps in current knowledge, understand the evolution of ideas and theories in the field, and consider various perspectives. It sets the context for the new research by detailing what is already known, often highlighting agreements and disagreements in the literature. This comprehensive examination helps in situating the new study within the broader academic conversation and supports the formulation of research questions or hypotheses grounded in existing evidence.

By establishing a framework of prior work, a literature review aids in developing a solid foundation for any new research conducted, making option B the most appropriate choice in this context.