What is the purpose of a pilot study?

A pilot study serves as a preliminary examination of the research design and methodology before the main study is conducted. Its primary purpose is to identify potential issues that could arise during the actual research process, such as flaws in the design, unanticipated variables, or challenges in data collection methods. By testing the procedures on a smaller scale, researchers can refine their approach, ensuring that they gather safe and quality data in the full-scale study. This practice helps to enhance the reliability and validity of the research by addressing any identified weaknesses early in the research process.

The other options do not align with the purpose of a pilot study. For instance, collecting final data for analysis is not what a pilot study accomplishes; its goal is to prepare and troubleshoot rather than gather conclusive data. Similarly, training participants in the research process usually occurs in other contexts, such as orientation sessions, rather than being a primary focus of a pilot study. Finally, while participant selection is important, finalizing it typically occurs after insights from the pilot study help in determining the best approach for the main study.