What role does a literature review play in justifying a research study?

The literature review plays a critical role in justifying a research study by demonstrating the necessity and relevance of examining the chosen research question. This aspect is crucial because it provides a comprehensive overview of existing research related to the topic at hand. By exploring previous studies, theories, and findings, the literature review reveals gaps in the current knowledge base, identifies trends, and highlights controversies or unresolved issues. This context allows researchers to position their own study within the broader scholarly conversation, articulating how their work will contribute to filling those gaps or addressing those issues.

Furthermore, a well-constructed literature review underscores the importance of the research question itself, making a compelling case for why the study is needed. It establishes a foundation of evidence and reasoning that supports the research objectives, helping to convince stakeholders, such as funding bodies or academic peers, of the validity and significance of the proposed research. Thus, option B encapsulates the primary justification for conducting a literature review in the research process.